References

[1] Allen, G. M., 1939: Bats. Dover Publications Inc., New York, NY, USA.

[2] Bartholomew, G. A.; Leitner, P.; Nelson, J. E., 1964: Body temperature, oxygen consumption, and heart rate in three species of Australian flying foxes. Physiological Zoology 37, 179-198.

[3] Caviedes-Vidal, E.; McWhorter, T. J.; Lavin, S. R.; Chediack, J. G.; Tracy, C. R.; Karasov, W. H., 2007: The digestive adaptation of flying vertebrates: High intestinal paracellular absorption compensates for smaller guts. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 104, 19132-19137.

[4] Clulow, S.; Blundell, A. T., 2011: Deliberate insectivory by the fruit bat Pteropus poliocephalus by aerial hunting. Acta Chriopterologica 13, 201-205.

[5] Courts, S. E., 1998: Dietary strategies of old world fruit bats (Megachiroptera, Pteropodidae): how do they obtain sufficient protein? Mammal Review 28, 185-194.

[6] Eby, P., 2006: An analysis of diet specialization in frugivorous Pteropus poliocephalus (Megachiroptera) in Australian subtropical rainforest. Australian Journal of Ecology 23, 443-456.

[7] Javid, A.; Gulraiz, T. L.; Ashraf, M.; Nadeem, M.; Hussain, S. M.; Altaf, M.; Babu, I., 2017: Proximate analysis of Indian flying fox’s (Pteropus giganteus) natural food, with a note on its roost variations in urban areas of Lahore, Pakistan. Turkish Journal of Zoology 41, 714-721.

[8] Jones, V., 2013: Flying Foxes: Australian Night Foresters. Rosenberg Publishing Ltd, Sydney, Australia.

[9] Karasov, W. H., 1992: Daily energy expenditure and the cost of activity in mammals. American Zoologist 32, 238-248.

[10] Lunney, D.; Richards, G; Dickman, C., 2008. Pteropus poliocephalus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species e.T18751A8554062. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T18751A8554062.en.

[11] Mahmood-Ul-Hassan, M.; Gulraiz, T. L.; Rana, S. A.; Javid, A., 2010: The diet of Indian flying-foxes (Pteropus giganteus) in urban habitats of Pakistan. Acta Chiropterologica 12, 341-347.

[12] Maisarah, A. M.; Asmah, R.; Fauziah, O., 2014. Proximate analysis, antioxidant and anti proliferative activities of different parts of Carica papaya. Journal of Tissue Science and Engineering 5.

[13] Mathur, V.; Priya, Y. S.; Kumar, H.; Elangovan, V., 2010: Reproductive behavior and population dynamics of Indian flying fox (Pteropus giganteus). Proceedings of Second Semianr on Small Mammals Conservation Issues 1, 31-39.

[14] Molur, S.; Srinivasulu, C.; Bates, P; Francis, C., 2008. Pteropus giganteus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. e.T18725A8511108. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T18725A8511108.en. 

[15] Morrison, D., 1980: Efficiency of food utilization by fruit bats. Oecologica 45, 270-273.

[16] McNab, B. K., 1986: The influence of food habits on the energetics of eutherian mammals. Ecological Monographs 56, 1-19.

[17] McNab, B. K., 1988: Complication inherent in scaling the basal rate of metabolism in mammals. The Quarterly Review of Biology 63, 25-54.

[18] Nighat, S.; Nadeem, M. S.; Mahmood, T.; Kayani, A. R.; Mushtaq, M., 2016: Estimation of heavy metals in Indian flying fox Pteropus giganteus (Brünnich, 1782) from Punjab, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Zoology 48, 1787-1792.

[19] Park, H.; Raymond Hall, E., 1951: The gross anatomy of the tongues and stomachs of eight new world bats. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science 54, 64-72.

[20] Parry-Jones, K. A.; Augee, M. L., 1991: The diet of flying-foxes in the Sydney and Gosford areas of New South Wales, based on sighting reports 1986-1990. Australian Zoologist 27, 49-54.

[21] Prem Anand, A. A.; Sripathi, K., 2004: Digestion of cellulose and xylan by symbiotic bacteria in the intestine of the Indian flying fox (Pteropus giganteus). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology – Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology 139, 65-69.

[22] Robbins, C. T., 1993: Wildlife Feeding and Nutrition, 2nd Edition. Academic Press, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA.

[23] Schmelitschek, E.; French, K.; Parry-Jones, K., 2009: Fruit availability and utilisation by grey-headed flying foxes (Pteropodidae: Pteropus poliocephalus) in a human-modified environment on the south coast of New South Wales, Australia. Wildlife Research 36, 592-600.

[24] Tedman, R. A.; Hall, L. S., 1985: The morphology of the gastrointestinal tract and food transit time in the fruit bats Pteropus alecto and P. poliocephalus (Megachiroptera). Australian Journal of Zoology 33, 625-640.

[25] Win, S. S.; Mya Mya, K., 2015: The diet of the Indian flying fox Pteropus giganteus (Brünnich. 1782) (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae) in Myanmar – conflicts with local people? Journal of Threatened Taxa 7, 7568-7572.

References written in the style of the Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition.